python通过ssh-powershell监控windows的方法

本文实例讲述了python通过ssh-powershell监控windows的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下：

对于服务器的监控来说，监控linux不管是自己动手写脚本还是用一些开源的工具比如nagios，zenoss什么的。但毕竟还是有些公司有windows做服务器的，相对linux来说，windows没有方便的shell，cmd下提供的命令对于监控来说远远没有linux方便。但是现在windows上如果安装了powershell（win7，2008自带），就比以前方便多了，linux上的命令基本都能在powershell里执行，比如查看进程还是ps.

自己封装了一个python通过ssh（通过pexpect模块）调用powershell的脚本，里面包快ps，netstat，ping检测，查看硬盘，cpu信息和负载，内存信息。通过创建ssh_win32类对象，然后调用它的方法，返回的都是解析好的python对象。

ssh_powershell.py：

    #! /usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    import re
    from pexpect import *
    class ssh_win32:
      def __init__(self, user, host, password=None,systemroot='c',papath='',timeout=5,verbose=0):
        self.user = user#监控机器的username
        self.host = host#监控机器的ip
        self.verbose = verbose
        self.password = password#密码
        self.timeout=timeout#执行命令的timeout
        self.systemroot=systemroot#windows 所安装的盘符
        if not papath:#powershell.exe的路径
    self.powershell_path=self.systemroot+':/WINDOWS/system32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe '
        self.key = [
          'authenticity',
          'assword:',
          '@@@@@@@@@@@@',
          'Command not found.',
          EOF,
          ]
        self.f = open('ssh.out','w')
      def ssh(self,command):
        cmd='ssh -l %s %s %s'%(self.user,self.host,command)
        print "cmd:",cmd
        con=spawn(cmd,timeout=self.timeout)
        seen=con.expect(self.key)
        if seen == 0:
          con.sendline('yes')
          seen = con.expect(self.key)
        if seen == 1:
      #    if not self.password:
      #      self.password = getpass.getpass('Remote password: ')
          con.sendline(self.password)
          try:
            res=con.read()
          except Exception ,e:
            res=con.before
    #      print "res:",res
        return res
      def ssh_disk(self):
        cmd=self.powershell_path+"Get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk"
        res=self.ssh(cmd)
        disk={}
        if res:
          res=res.split('No such file or directory')[-1].replace('\r','').split('\n')
          res=[c for c in res if c]
    #      print 'res:',res
        predisk='C'
        for d in res:
    #      print d
          key,value=d.split(':',1)
    #      print d
    #      print 'key:',key,'value:',value
          key=key.strip()
          value=value.strip()
          if key=='DeviceID' and value not in disk.keys():
            predisk=value
            disk[predisk]={}
            disk[predisk][key]=value
          else:
            if key in ['FreeSpace','Size']:
              if value:
                value=int(value)/1024/1024/1024
            disk[predisk][key]=value
        for d in disk.keys():
          if disk[d]['DriveType']!='3':
            disk.pop(d)
    #    print 'disk:',disk
        return disk
      def ssh_cpu(self): 
        cmd=self.powershell_path+'gwmi -computername localhost win32_Processor'
        res=self.ssh(cmd)
        res=res.split('No such file or directory')[-1].replace('\r','').split('\n')
        res=[r for r in res if r]
    #    print res
        cpu={}
        for i in res:
    #      print '='*10
    #      print i
          i=i.split(':')
        #  print i
          if len(i)==2:
            key,value=i
          else:
            continue
          key=key.strip()
          value=value.strip()
    #      print 'key:',key
    #      print 'value:',value
          cpu[key]=value
        return cpu
      def ssh_memory(self):
        totalmem=self.powershell_path+'Get-WmiObject win32_OperatingSystem TotalVisibleMemorySize'
        freemem=self.powershell_path+'Get-WmiObject win32_OperatingSystem FreePhysicalMemory'
        memory={}
        for cmd in [totalmem,freemem]:
          res=self.ssh(cmd)
          if 'Win32_OperatingSystem' in res:
            res=res=res.replace('\r','').split('\n')
            res=[m for m in res if m][-1]
            print 'res:',res
            key,value=res.split(':')
            key=key.strip()
            value=value.strip()
            memory[key]=value
          else:
            print "not return data"
            return None
        return memory
      def ssh_ping(self,host):
        cmd='ping -n 1 %s'%host
        patt=r'.+?(\d*)% loss.*'
        res=self.ssh(cmd).replace('\r','').replace('\n','')
        print res
        m=re.match(patt,res)
        if m:
          lost_percent=m.group(1)
          print 'lost_percent:',lost_percent
          return int(lost_percent)
        else:
          return None
      def ssh_ps(self):
        cmd=self.powershell_path+'ps'
        res=self.ssh(cmd)
        ps=[]
        if '-- -----------' in res:
          res=res.replace('\r','').split('-- -----------')[-1].split('\n')
          res=[d for d in res if d.strip()]
          for p in res:
            process={}
            row=[para for para in p.split(' ') if para.strip()]
            process['handles']=row[0]
            process['npm']=row[1]
            process['pm']=row[2]
            process['ws']=row[3]
            process['vm']=row[4]
            process['cpu']=row[5]
            process['id']=row[6]
            process['process_name']=row[-1]
            ps.append(process)
    #      print ps
          return ps
        else:
          return None
      def ssh_netstat(self):
        cmd='netstat -ao'
        res=self.ssh(cmd)
        netstat=[]
        if 'PID' in res:
          res=res.replace('\r','').split('PID')[-1].split('\n')
          res=[d for d in res if d.strip()]
          for p in res:
            process={}
            row=[para for para in p.split(' ') if para.strip()]
            process['proto']=row[0]
            process['local_address']=row[1]
            process['foreign_address']=row[2]
            process['state']=row[3]
            process['pid']=row[-1]
            netstat.append(process)
    #      print netstat
          return netstat
        else:
          return None
    if __name__ == "__main__":
    cmd="c:/WINDOWS/system32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe ps"
      user='admin'
      host='192.168.123.105'
      password='123456'
      ssh=ssh_win32(user,host,password,systemroot='c',timeout=5)
    #  print ssh.ssh_cpu()
    #  print "\n\n\n\n"
    #  print ssh.ssh_disk()
    #  print "\n\n\n\n"
    #  print ssh.ssh_memory()
    #  print ssh.ssh_ping(host)
    #  print ssh.ssh_ps()
    #  print ssh.ssh_netstat()

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。